منابع مشابه
investigation of surface roughness on aerodynamic characteristics of missiles
nowadays, we live in a world which quality, speed, accuracy and cost are the most important parameters in parts' design and manufacturing. due to the complexity of part manufacturing, traditional and nontraditional manufacturing techniques are used. aerodynamic tests usually requires one or several models for testing in wind tunnels and these models typically have particular complexities in whi...
متن کاملSea Surface Roughness Estimation Using Signals from Multiple GNSS Satellites
Global Navigation Satellite System reflectometry (GNSS-R) has recently drawn significant attention since it can be employed in a range of applications including sea state, ocean altimetry, soil moisture measurement, and disaster (e.g. flooding, bushfire, and earthquake) monitoring. Although research on GNSS-R in the past two decades has made advances, there are no (or few) real applications of ...
متن کاملModeling Acoustic Signal Fluctuations Induced by Sea Surface Roughness
An empirical fetch-limited ocean wave spectrum has been combined with an acoustic ray-based model to predict the acoustic signal time-angle fluctuations induced by sea surface roughness. Rough sea surface realizations are generated and used as sea surface boundaries with the acoustic model. To validate this model, results are compared against experimental data collected in a fetch limited regio...
متن کاملEffective aerodynamic roughness estimated from airborne laser altimeter measurements of surface features
Aerodynamic roughness length 0 ) and displacement height 0 ) are important surface parameters for estimating surface fluxes in numerical models. These parameters are generally determined from wind flow characteristics using logarithmic wind profiles measured at a meteorological tower or by balloon release. It would be an advantage to use measurements of land surface characteristics instead of w...
متن کاملAerodynamic roughness parameters in cities: Inclusion of vegetation
A widely used morphometric method (Macdonald et al. 1998) to calculate the zero-plane displacement (zd) and aerodynamic roughness length (z0) for momentum is further developed to include vegetation. The adaptation also applies to the Kanda et al. (2013) morphometric method which considers roughness-element height variability. Roughness-element heights (mean, maximum and standard deviation) of b...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Geophysical Research
سال: 2003
ISSN: 0148-0227
DOI: 10.1029/2002jc001383